The first of February marks a significant but sobering observance in Spain – Día del Galgo, or World Galgo Day. This commemoration coincides with the end of the hunting season in Spain, a time that historically has spelled tragedy for thousands of hunting dogs, particularly the Spanish Galgo.
Día del Galgo, or World Galgo Day, is observed annually on 1st February to raise awareness about the plight of the Galgo Español, a Spanish greyhound breed. This date coincides with the conclusion of the hunting season in Spain, a period that often leads to the abandonment and mistreatment of these dogs.
The Galgo Breed
The Galgo Español is a breed with ancient origins, believed to have been introduced to the Iberian Peninsula by the Celts and later influenced by Moorish culture. Historically, Galgos were highly valued, as evidenced by medieval laws that imposed severe penalties for their theft or harm. For instance, the Fuero of Salamanca from the 13th century prescribed strict punishments for offences against these dogs.
Also, for example, the Fuero of Cuenca (written in the late 12th/early 13th century) did establish penalties for killing or stealing hunting dogs. Spanish fueros were municipal charters and laws, back then.
Physically, Galgos are slender and elegant, with long legs and a streamlined build, adapted for speed and endurance. They possess a calm and gentle temperament, making them affectionate companions. Despite their hunting prowess, Galgos are known for their docile nature and adaptability to domestic life.
The Spanish Galgo (Galgo Español) belongs to the sighthound family, a graceful and ancient breed that shares ancestry with the Greyhound. These dogs stand between 62-70 centimetres at the shoulder for males and 60-68 centimetres for females, characterised by their lean, athletic build and distinctive elongated head. Their physical attributes reflect centuries of selective breeding for hunting, particularly for pursuing hares and rabbits across the Spanish countryside.
Hunting Season in Spain and Its Impact on Galgos
The hunting season in Spain traditionally runs from October through January, ending on February 1st. This date is particularly significant because it historically marked the time when many hunting dogs, especially Galgos, faced a cruel fate. According to estimates from Spanish animal welfare organisations, including Galgos del Sol and SOS Galgos, approximately 50,000 Galgos were abandoned or killed each year during the early 2000s. While more recent figures suggest this number has decreased to around 15,000-20,000 annually, it remains a pressing animal welfare concern.
The cultural context behind this practice stems from a complex historical relationship between hunters (known as ‘galgueros’) and their dogs. Traditionally, some hunters viewed Galgos as mere tools for the hunting season rather than companion animals. Dogs that performed poorly during the hunting season or were deemed too old or expensive to maintain were often abandoned or worse. This practice became known as “hacer el galgo” – literally “to do the galgo” – a euphemism for disposing of the dog.
The methods of disposal are often inhumane. Reports mentioned in National Geographic indicate that some dogs are hanged, a practice referred to as “piano playing” due to the manner in which the dogs’ legs move as they struggle. Others are thrown into wells, abandoned with broken limbs to prevent their return, or left to starve.
This widespread mistreatment has led to international condemnation and calls for reform. Animal welfare organisations advocate for stricter regulations and enforcement to protect Galgos and other hunting dogs from such cruelty.
Significance of Día del Galgo
Día del Galgo serves as a focal point for raising awareness about the challenges faced by Galgos. On this day, various events are organised to highlight the importance of protecting this breed and to promote adoption initiatives. The day also honours the resilience of Galgos and celebrates those who have been rescued and rehomed.
The observance of World Galgo Day underscores the need for continued advocacy and action to ensure that these noble dogs are treated with the respect and care they deserve.
World Galgo Day
The establishment of Día del Galgo represents a turning point in Spanish society’s relationship with these dogs. The day was first officially recognised in 2007, driven by the efforts of animal welfare organisations and concerned citizens. It serves multiple purposes: commemorating the dogs that have suffered, raising awareness about ongoing abuse, and celebrating the progress made in protecting these animals.
The Spanish government has responded to public pressure with increasingly stringent animal welfare laws. In 2022, Spain passed new legislation classifying animals as “sentient beings” rather than objects, with implications for how dogs must be treated. The law includes provisions for mandatory sterilisation of pets, restrictions on breeding, and increased penalties for animal abuse. Sadly working dogs do not get the same levels of protection!
Several organisations across Spain now specialise in Galgo rescue and rehabilitation. These include:
Scooby Medina in Medina del Campo, which has rescued thousands of Galgos since its establishment in 1992. Galgos del Sol in Murcia, which focuses on rehabilitation and international adoption programmes. SOS Galgos in Barcelona, combining rescue work with educational initiatives to prevent abuse.
These organisations report that Galgos make excellent companion animals, contrary to their historical treatment as disposable hunting tools. They are typically gentle, quiet, and adaptable to family life, despite their racing heritage. Their exercise needs are surprisingly moderate – while they enjoy running, they are equally content spending much of their time resting, earning them the nickname “40-mph couch potatoes.”
The plight of the Galgo has garnered international attention, with adoption programmes now operating across Europe and North America. Countries including Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands have become particularly active in rehoming Spanish Galgos. These international efforts have not only saved thousands of dogs but have also helped spread awareness of the issue globally.
Education remains crucial in changing attitudes within Spain. Many organisations now work directly with schools and communities to promote responsible pet ownership and challenge traditional views about hunting dogs. They emphasise that Galgos are intelligent, sensitive animals capable of forming strong bonds with their families.
Progress is evident in changing attitudes among younger generations of hunters, many of whom now view their dogs as valued partners rather than disposable tools. However, challenges remain in rural areas where traditional practices are more deeply entrenched.
Día del Galgo serves as both a reminder of a dark practice and a celebration of progress made. While thousands of Galgos still face abandonment each year, the increasing visibility of their plight, stronger legal protections, and growing public awareness offer hope for the future. The day has evolved from a simple commemoration into a symbol of Spain’s broader movement toward improved animal welfare and responsible pet ownership.
As we consider the significance of World Galgo Day, it’s worth noting that the treatment of hunting dogs often reflects broader societal attitudes toward animal welfare. The ongoing efforts to protect Galgos in Spain represent a significant shift in how society views its responsibilities toward animals, particularly those bred for human use.
The legacy of Día del Galgo continues to evolve, reminding us that cultural change, while often slow, is possible through persistent advocacy, education, and compassion. The day stands as a testament to the power of public awareness in driving social change and animal welfare reform.
Final Thoughts
Día del Galgo is more than just a day of recognition; it is a call to action to address the systemic issues leading to the suffering of Galgos in Spain. By understanding the breed’s history, the cultural practices surrounding hunting, and the consequences of the hunting season’s end, we can work towards a future where Galgos are valued as companions and protected from harm.